Urban Mining and Sustainable Waste Management

Chapter on Utilization of C&D waste and industrial inorganic waste in cement manufacturing, in Urban Mining and Sustainable Waste Management book by Springer, 2020: The rapidly growing economy, urbanization and industrialization are leading to the increasing generation of C&D wastes and industrial wastes. Estimated annual generation of C&D waste in India is in the range of 165–175 million tonnes (Mt) projected to increase further in coming years. Current generation of industrial inorganic wastes is more than 300 Mt. The major industrial inorganic wastes are coal combustion residues, red mud, Spent Pot Liner (SPL), spent catalyst, marble dust, soda ash, lime sludge, jarosite, slags (lead–zinc, copper, steel), etc. It is evident from the physical, chemical, and mineralogical characteristics of these wastes, generated from different processes, that they have good potentials for recycling and gainful utilization in cement manufacturing process with 100% material recovery.